Vietnam has taken a significant step toward strengthening its legal and economic framework with the National Assembly’s approval of comprehensive amendments to eight key laws governing finance, investment, public procurement, taxation, customs, and related sectors. Collectively referred to as the 8 Laws on Finance, these reforms represent one of the country’s most comprehensive legislative updates in recent years, reflecting the government’s commitment to modernizing financial governance, enhancing regulatory efficiency, and fostering a more transparent, competitive, and investor-friendly business environment.
The legislative package comes at a pivotal time as Vietnam continues to position itself as a leading investment destination in Southeast Asia amid shifting global supply chains and increasing foreign direct investment. While the country has made substantial progress in improving its business climate through regulatory reforms and economic liberalization, investors and businesses have continued to encounter challenges such as overlapping legal provisions, lengthy administrative procedures, inconsistent regulatory enforcement, and outdated financial regulations. Recognizing these issues, the National Assembly conducted extensive consultations with government agencies, industry stakeholders, legal experts, and the business community before finalizing the amendments.
The revised laws are designed to address these longstanding obstacles by streamlining administrative processes, improving public financial management, enhancing transparency in bidding and procurement, encouraging digital transformation within government services, and strengthening accountability across public institutions. At the same time, the reforms seek to align Vietnam’s legal framework more closely with international standards and best practices, reinforcing the country’s commitments under various free trade agreements and international investment treaties. By creating clearer legal rules and reducing regulatory uncertainty, the amendments are expected to boost investor confidence, facilitate domestic and foreign investment, and support Vietnam’s long-term objectives of sustainable economic growth, fiscal responsibility, and greater global economic integration.
Against the backdrop of Vietnam promoting international integration and improving its investment environment, despite many positive legal reforms in recent years, some barriers and inadequacies still exist in current regulations, causing difficulties for businesses and investors.
The drafting process for the amended laws underwent many rounds of consultations with stakeholders, including state management agencies, business associations, legal experts, and investors. Extensive feedback collection helped lawmakers gain a comprehensive view of the practical difficulties in applying the law, thereby proposing appropriate solutions.
The strategic goals of these amendments are to:
These amendments focus on the 8 Laws on Finance, which aim to address the existing barriers and enhance the overall investment climate.
The implementation roadmap for the amended laws is reasonably phased, with effective dates from Q3/2025 to early 2026, aiming to provide stakeholders with sufficient time to prepare and adapt to the legal changes.
Below is an overview of the 8 amended laws, their scope of application, and effective dates:
On June 26, 2025, the National Assembly passed the Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the Law on State Budget. After 8 years of applying the 2015 Law, this amendment focuses on stronger decentralization, granting more power to the Prime Minister and local governments, while tightening financial discipline. This law will take effect from the 2026 fiscal year, with some provisions implemented from July 1, 2025.
Localities can autonomously decide on budget adjustments and allocations within their delegated authority.
Have the right to mobilize capital and issue bonds for investment projects according to medium-term plans.
Take self-responsibility for balancing revenues and expenditures, enhancing the efficiency of public spending.
Added Authority for the Prime Minister
The Prime Minister can direct unified fiscal policy nationwide.
Has the right to adjust the budget in urgent or necessary situations.
Tightening Budget Discipline – Controlling Overspending
Local budget overspending can only be used for development investment.
Borrowing must be within repayment capacity, minimizing public financial risks.
Increased Disclosure, Transparency, and Oversight
Expanded disclosure responsibility from budget estimation to finalization.
The Fatherland Front, media, and citizens have the right to oversee budget implementation.
The amended law aims for an effective, transparent, autonomous, and sustainably developing public financial system. Granting more power to localities and the Prime Minister is expected to create new impetus in budget management, ensuring reasonable resource allocation between the central and local governments.
According to sources from VTC News, Finance Magazine, and Government News.
According to the new Value Added Tax Law No. 48/2024/QH15, which replaces the current Law 2008 and subsequent amendments, the promulgation of the new Law aims to update practices, narrow the scope of non-taxable items, adjust tax rates, expand the tax base, and strengthen management of e-commerce and digital economy activities. The Law will take effect from July 1, 2025, with the exception of provisions on the revenue threshold for business households and individuals to determine non-taxable subjects, which will apply from January 1, 2026.
Elimination of tax exemptions for groups such as fertilizers, agricultural machinery and equipment, offshore fishing vessels, securities services, securities depository services, etc.
Addition of tax exemption for imported goods and services donated or sponsored for disaster prevention, epidemic prevention, and war, as regulated by the Government, as VAT-exempt subjects.
Fertilizers, offshore fishing vessels: from 0%/non-taxable → 5%.
Raw forest products, sugar, scientific research tools, IT products: from 5% → 10%.
Expanded scope of 0% tax rate application for: international transportation services, aircraft/ship leasing, construction abroad or in non-tariff zones.
Taxable price for imported goods includes: import duty, special consumption tax, environmental protection tax.
Valid promotional goods will be taxed at a price of 0, instead of requiring value separation.
Mandatory non-cash payment for all input VAT invoices (even below VND 20 million).
Expanded eligible deduction documents: bill of lading, export cargo insurance contract, etc.
Businesses applying the 5% tax rate can get a tax refund if the un-deducted input tax is ≥ VND 300 million after 12 months or 4 quarters.
Foreign suppliers without a permanent establishment in Vietnam must still declare and pay tax when selling goods or providing services via digital platforms.
E-commerce platforms and digital platforms are obligated to deduct, declare, and pay tax on behalf of foreign sellers.
From January 1, 2026, individuals with revenue ≤ VND 200 million/year from manufacturing, trading goods/services will not be required to pay VAT.
The amended VAT Law 2024 reflects the trend of modernizing tax management while narrowing inappropriate incentives. With notable changes in tax rates, taxpayers, and deduction conditions, businesses need to proactively review their supply chains, contracts, invoices, and payment methods to promptly adjust their tax strategies before the law takes effect.
Law No. 56/2024/QH15, effective from January 1, 2025, has amended several important provisions in the 2015 Accounting Law. This update aims to promote digital transformation, apply International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), enhance transparency, internal control, and create a legal framework for electronic documents and financial reports.
Article 3 adds a clear understanding: “Financial report is a system of economic-financial information…”
Clause 3, Article 7 assigns the Ministry of Finance the responsibility to guide specifically the scope, roadmap, method of applying accounting standards and professional ethics based on international standards.
Article 19 adds: electronic documents must have a digital signature or legal electronic confirmation.
Removes the mandatory requirement to include “recipient’s name, address” in accounting documents.
Article 12 allows the first or last annual accounting period (not exceeding 3 months) to be combined with another annual period, with a maximum of 15 months.
Article 29 expands the content of financial reports (BCTC) and increases professional independence:
Accountants are allowed to reserve their opinions and report when discovering violations without being held responsible if forced to implement.
Article 11 stipulates: Vietnamese is to be used, and when necessary, bilingualism is permitted. Reports in foreign languages must be translated when requested by authorities.
This is an important step towards digitized, transparent, and internationally integrated accounting. To adapt, stakeholders – businesses, accountants, auditors – need to quickly improve their systems, enhance capabilities, and adopt global standards.
The amended Bidding Law, passed by the National Assembly on June 25, 2025, will officially take effect from July 1, 2025. The law comprehensively amends the provisions of the 2013 Bidding Law, aiming to enhance management effectiveness, increase transparency in bidding activities, expand autonomy for state-owned enterprises, and strongly promote the application of online bidding and more flexible contractor selection methods. (According to Thu Vien Nha Dat, Dau Thau Newspaper)
The Law clearly states: all contractor selection activities using state budget capital must comply with the provisions of the Bidding Law.
For activities not using state budget capital, state-owned enterprises have the right to decide on contractor selection but must ensure transparency, effectiveness, and clear accountability.
Along with this, the Law adds provisions on strengthening inspection, supervision, and performance evaluation to ensure the exercise of autonomy is associated with strict management and risk prevention in the use of enterprise capital.
Project owners are prioritized to choose the simplest and most convenient forms such as: direct contracting, ordering, contractor selection in special cases.
In addition, project owners can still choose other forms such as: open bidding, competitive bidding, restricted bidding, etc., suitable for the scale and nature of each package.
The Law also expands the cases where direct contracting and contractor selection in special cases can be applied, aiming to create flexibility when implementing projects.
The Government is tasked with detailing the remaining forms, ensuring transparency and unified guidance.
From January 1, 2025, all bidding packages using state budget capital must be conducted online, with some specified exceptions. This helps reduce costs, limit negativity, and increase transparency and publicity in bidding.
The Law continues to affirm the policy of prioritizing domestic goods, services, and contractors, especially small and medium-sized enterprises. At the same time, it encourages green procurement, the application of new technologies, and innovative products, in line with green growth and sustainable development strategies.
The amended laws demonstrate Vietnam’s strong commitment to completing its legal framework. From increasing power for localities in the Law on State Budget, modernizing the VAT Law, promoting digital transformation in the Accounting Law, to enhancing bidding transparency under the Bidding Law, each change aims for a more effective legal system. Businesses need to proactively research and adjust to seize opportunities in the new legal environment.
Harley Miller Law Firm
Email: info@luatminhnguyen.com / miller@hmlf.vn
Website: luatminhnguyen.com or hmlf.vn
Hotline: +84 9372 15585
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